About 20 years ago Alexander (orthodontics, Baylor College of Dentistry) launched a new bracket system that, along with innovative treatment techniques and principles, became very popular with both patients and practitioners. Ever since he has been refining his ideas and practices, and here he prese[...]

Complexity science transects many fields ranging from physics to economics to biology. Its focus is the study of systems of interacting factors, which has lately been extended to include behavior in human societies. In prehistoric societies, whether these agents are defined at the scale of individua[...]

There is a large and growing demand throughout the spine community (indeed, throughout the health care industry) for evidence-based analysis of care and reportable outcomes as a measure of cost efficiency. Spine surgeons are being asked to follow, adopt, or develop well researched clinical guideline[...]