Constitutive Modeling Of Geomaterials

"Preface When I was student (almost 40 years ago), my supervisor, Sakuro Murayama, often told us that the most important challenge in the field of soil mechanics was to establish the stress-strain-time-temperature relation of soils. Since the beginning of his academic carrier, he had pursued researc [...]
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"Preface When I was student (almost 40 years ago), my supervisor, Sakuro Murayama, often told us that the most important challenge in the field of soil mechanics was to establish the stress-strain-time-temperature relation of soils. Since the beginning of his academic carrier, he had pursued research on a constitutive model for soils, and he summarized his experience in a thick book of almost 800 pages (Murayama 1990) when he was almost 80 years old. In his book, the elastoplasticity theory was not used in a straightforward manner, but he discussed soil behavior, focusing his attention not on the plane where shear stress is maximized, called the tmax plane or 45° plane, but rather on the plane where the shear-normal stress ratio is maximized, called the (t/s)max plane or mobilized plane, because the soil behavior is essentially governed by a frictional law. In retrospect, I realize how sharp was his vision to pay attention to the mobilized plane at a time when most people looked at the tmax plane. Now, in three-dimensional conditions in which the intermediate principal stress must be considered, the plane corresponding to the tmax plane in two-dimensional conditions is the commonly used octahedral plane because the shear stress on the octahedral plane isthe quadratic mean of maximum shear stresses between two respective principal stresses. For three-dimensional constitutive modeling in this book, attention is paid to the so-called spatially mobilized plane (SMP) on which the shear-normal stress ratio isthe quadratic mean of maximum shear-normal stress ratios between two respective principal stresses"--